Consumer packaged goods (CPG) manufacturers issue paper coupons valued at $500 billion annually, but less than 1% are redeemed by U.S. consumers. Barcode-based mobile coupons presented on a smartphone screen have shown considerably more potential. However, two factors are holding back digital coupons. Most laser scanners can’t read barcodes on smartphones. And there is no industry standard for those CPG manufacturers interested in presenting coupons as barcodes. That absence of a standard means that scanners can’t tell that the barcode image on a phone is a digital coupon, not a paper coup...