Visa, Mastercard, Maestro, JCB, Diners Club, and American Express general purpose domestic credit, debit, and prepaid consumer and commercial cards available from Europe’s 50 largest issuers are ranked on pages 10 and 11. The top 50 includes representatives from 31 countries. Collectively, they had issued 711.2 million cards by December 31, 2016 that generated $2.427 trillion in purchases of goods and services at merchants. Visa and Mastercard branded credit, debit, and prepaid cards totaled 603.1 million and generated $2.222 trillion in purchase volume. The chart on page 10 shows the ...