Giesecke & Devrient (G&D) became a mobile payment technology provider in 2006. By way of a joint venture with Nokia, G&D developed a complete SIM-based mobile payment offering. This included providing mobile network operators (MNOs) with the Trusted Service Manager (TSM) technology they needed to accept card data from issuers. They also provided TSM technology issuers needed to deliver card data. Also available was wallet software for the handset. Few SIM-based mobile wallet partnerships between card issuers and the MNOs that controlled SIM cards made it to market. Two that did are...